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你分得清流感、感冒和过敏吗?

发布日期:2019-11-25

春天一到,打喷嚏的人群变多了。你分得清自己为什么打喷嚏吗?感冒、流感和过敏都会影响呼吸道系统,甚至导致呼吸困难。但每种疾病都有其特有的关键症状。今天我们就来一起看看感冒、流感和过敏三者的症状有什么区别,我们该怎么去区分。

一、病因

 “感冒”是急性上呼吸道感染的俗称,是各种病原引起的上呼吸道急性感染,90%以上由病毒引起,如流感病毒、副流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、鼻病毒等。

流感的主要致病菌是流感病毒A型或B型及其亚型。

过敏主要是因为接触过敏源,如灰尘、花粉、动物皮屑等。

二、临床表现

流感的症状主要是高烧38℃以上,可持续3~4天,常见有咳嗽、头痛、肌肉酸痛、胸闷、疲惫等症状,有时可伴有流鼻涕、打喷嚏、咽喉痛。

感冒症状较轻,极少有发热、头痛症状,常见流鼻涕、打喷嚏、咽喉痛,可有轻微的肌肉酸痛和胸闷,有时会伴有疲惫症状。

过敏不发热,常出现流鼻涕、打喷嚏、咽喉痛症状,极少出现头痛、胸闷现象,不伴有肌肉酸痛。

三、预防与治疗

“感冒”和流感要注意勤洗手、避免接触患者,流感易感者可每年接种流感疫苗。“感冒”和流感患者需保持室内空气新鲜,温湿度适宜,避免空气对流,注意休息,减少活动,做好呼吸道隔离(戴口罩)。饮食上要以清淡、富含维生素、易消化食物为主,多饮水,一般每天饮水量在1500ml以上,避免辛辣刺激、肥腻、过硬和油煎食物,忌烟、忌酒。密切监测患者体温变化,体温超过38.5℃时,给予物理降温,常用方法有头部冷敷、枕冰袋,体温超过39℃可给予32~34℃温水擦浴,擦浴时禁擦后背、胸前区、腹部和足底等处,以免引起不良反应,腋窝、肘窝、手心、腹股沟、腘窝处稍用力擦拭,并延长擦拭时间,以促进散热,过程不超过20分钟,避免着凉。及时更换被汗浸湿的衣服,保持皮肤清洁。流感患者可根据医嘱服用抗病毒药物如达菲等缩短病程。

过敏患者可通过避免接触过敏源如:花粉、尘螨、霉菌、宠物皮屑等进行预防。过敏患者遵医嘱服用抗过敏药物。常用抗过敏药物有抗组胺药、皮质类固醇药物等。

现在你分得清感冒、流感还是过敏了吗?



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Tianjin Baodi hospital was founded in May 1949, it is among the best ranking hospitals, which integrates medical treatment, teaching, scientific research, prevention, health care and rehabilitation. It is the supporting unit of National Natural Science Foundation Committee, the national general practitioner standardized training base and one of the first group of standardized resident training base in China.In February 2024, it became Baodi Hospital affiliated to Tianjin Medical University.

The hospital covers an area of 60,000 square meters, with a building area of 72,000 square meters and 735 beds. The approved area covers 218.7 mu, with a construction area of 305,000 square meters, and 1,400 beds. The hospital now has 1223 employees, including 1139health professionals, 225senior professionals, 11 doctoral students and 240master students. There are 2 persons enjoying special allowance of the State Council and 1 Ph.D supervisor and 19 master supervisor. The hospital has more than 72 specialized departments, and the department of ophthalmology, neurology, cardiology, obstetrics and gynecology, oncology, pediatrics, nephrology, orthopedics and anesthesiology are listed as key disciplines at district level. In 2023, it recorded 1.28 million annual consultations, 47,400 discharged patients and 28,600 in-patient surgeries. Our doctors performed Interventional diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment of malignant tumors, rescue of severe trauma patients, comprehensive treatment of difficult and critically ill patients, diagnosis and treatment of critically ill neonates, complex major surgical operations and orthopedic multi-site replacement and other bone disease treatments. Minimally invasive operations such as 3D laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, and resection of prostate have reached the city's advanced level. Our hospital actively promotes green channels for acute myocardial infarction, stroke, critically ill pregnant women, trauma, etc with standardized approach throughout. The "National Chest Pain Center", "National Stroke Prevention Center" and "Painless Childbirth Pilot Hospital" were listed successively, and were designated as "Critical Maternal Rescue Center" and "Newborn Rescue Center" by the Municipal Health Commission.

The hospital has complete facilities, well-developed functions and advanced equipment., such as digitalized outpatient and emergency rooms and inpatient wards. The hospital is equipped with PET-CT, linear accelerator, energy spectrum CT, 3.0T nuclear magnetic resonance, two-way digital flat-panel angiography system, dual-source lithotripsy holmium laser lithotripsy system, four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound, 3D laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, intervertebral foraminoscope and the like, artificial The heart-lung machine and the fully automatic orthopedic operating table to provide hardware guarantee for the development of new technologies and new projects in the hospital.

The hospital adheres to the hospital spirit of "honesty, dedication, benevolence and devotion", and implements the "patient-centered" service concept in all aspects of medical services and every aspect of the hospital's work, continuously improving medical quality, standardizing medical behavior, and improving Service measures, optimize the medical environment, and strive to provide patients with safe, effective, convenient and economical medical services . There are 25 specialties, 215 disease types carry out clinical pathway management, 125 disease types carry out single disease payment management, and 26 operation types carry out day operation. The whole hospital makes great use of information technology to carry out a variety of appointment services. Focusing on hot issues of public concern such as "one elderly, one child, one emergency, and one complaint", the "Elderly Medical Service Month" and "Smile Service" actions are carried out in depth. A one-stop outpatient service center has been established, and 100% of the 20 wards provide high-quality nursing services. With the continuing effort to establish high standard of professionalism and ethics, the hospital has become among the city's first "Hospital without red envelope". The comprehensive satisfaction of patients reached over 98%, and it continued to rank among the top-tier general hospitals in the city.

The hospital actively assumes social responsibilities and assists and guides the standardized diagnosis and treatment services of the first and second-level hospitals in the area. It has successively selected a number of medical, nursing and management key individuals to participate in aid to Africa,Tibet, Xinjiang and Gansu as well as public health emergencies.

The work of the hospital has been highly appraised and praised by the majority of patients, people from all walks of life, leaders and the health community. The news media of the central government and Tianjin have reported the stories of the hospital on many occasions. Hospital successively won the “National advanced collective of medical and health system”, “National medical and health system to strive for excellence”, “Top 100 hospitals in China”, “Top 100 demonstration hospitals for the people in China”, “National advanced hospital culture construction unit”, “Home of national model workers” and “Tianjin high quality nursing service demonstration hospital”, “Nomination award of the third China Quality Award”. It has been awarded the honorary title of "Good Hospital with the satisfaction of Tianjin People" for six times.

 

 

Tel:022-29241553

Fax:022-29241700

Website:https:// www.bddhospital.com

Address: No.8 Guangchuan Road, Baodi, Tianjin.